Data Modelling and E-R Diagrams by Nagesh Kumar G via @DataScienceCtrl

We can subdivide the process of designing a database into three separate phases: Data Analysis, System Design, and Technical Design.

I would also draw you attention to normalisation.

And slowly changing dimensions.

Breaking Down Big Data Barriers in 2017 by David Gorbet via @infomgmt

Enterprises will find that it’s harder than they thought to bring together the data they want to use in their predictive models, especially unstructured data and the most important data of all: customer event data.

I would point you to the Slowly Changing Dimensions technique which is nicely described here.